高通在美国对华为提起诉讼，指控华为未经授权使用其多项专利，特别是在5G技术领域。华为则反诉高通滥用专利权，要求高通支付合理的专利使用费，并停止对华为的专利侵权指控。

Worldwide Olympic Partners Helping to Make Tokyo 2020 Most Innovative Olympic Games Ever

International Olympic Committee

The Olympic Games have always been a catalyst and showcase for innovation, and when Tokyo last hosted the event, in 1964, it saw satellites used to relay live pictures to a global audience for the first time, as well as the debuts of close-pickup microphones and slow-motion replays. Now, the Worldwide Olympic Partners – in collaboration with the International Olympic Committee (IOC) and a host of other stakeholders – are ensuring that Tokyo 2020 will be the next step in the Olympic innovation journey, with cutting-edge initiatives transforming the Games and showcasing new technology across five key areas: mobility, infrastructure, event operations, fan engagement and sustainability. Mobility As the official worldwide mobility partner of the Olympic Games, Toyota has provided a diverse range of innovative mobility solutions, including autonomous vehicles for transporting athletes and officials around the Olympic Village and Accessible People Movers to help those with special mobility needs travel within event venues. Toyota has also introduced Field Support Robots to retrieve sports equipment quickly and safely on the field of play, alleviating the burden on operational staff. To aid visitors with transporting their luggage upon arrival in Japan, Panasonic, working with local partners JTB and Yamato Holdings, has developed a QR-based system that tracks and delivers luggage from the airport direct to the passengers’ destination. This service frees travellers from the hassle of carrying their luggage with them, and is a valuable legacy for Japan’s tourism industry, with the country receiving among the most inbound visitors in the world. Infrastructure Building on the introduction of 5G at the Olympic Winter Games PyeongChang 2018, Tokyo 2020 will be the first Games to demonstrate the expanded possibilities of widespread 5G network deployment. Intel, in collaboration with domestic partner NTT DOCOMO, is providing technology to support this use of 5G network infrastructure, improving connectivity and enabling new possibilities for immersive experiences. This includes showcasing innovative sports viewing experiences at the Games that communicate events in previously unimaginable ways, featuring ultra-high-resolution broadcasts and artificial reality (AR). In addition, athletes will be able to enjoy the benefits of the expanded 5G network thanks to Samsung, which is providing them with exclusive Galaxy S21 5G Tokyo 2020 Athlete Phones to help maintain real-time connections and keep up with information, as well as capture and share their experiences. The Olympic Games Tokyo 2020 have also provided the local authorities with a catalyst to push forward with plans to increase the city’s disaster prevention capabilities, make the city safer, and beautify Tokyo while also creating a new style of urban development. As part of their “Zero Pole Tokyo” initiative, and with the support of Panasonic, unsightly power lines have been removed and replaced with kiosks for public information and charging points for devices and electric vehicles. Progress has also been made in making Tokyo a pioneer for seismic isolation, with Bridgestone providing cutting-edge seismic isolation bearings for two newly-constructed permanent venues, the Tokyo Aquatics Centre and Ariake Arena. This advanced earthquake protection technology will help reduce the spread of seismic shock and decrease the chance of damage in the event of an earthquake. Alibaba ’s cloud infrastructure and services will also play a vital role during Tokyo 2020. Most notably, the company has collaborated with Olympic Broadcasting Services (OBS) on the development of OBS Cloud. This innovative broadcasting platform, which operates entirely on the cloud, allows rights-holding broadcasters to carry out a significant part of their role remotely. With fewer staff and equipment needed on site, broadcasters can dramatically reduce costs and efficiently retrieve, create and distribute Olympic coverage in real time. As a result, the International Broadcast Centre in Tokyo is approximately 30 per cent smaller than the one at Rio 2016, with 27 per cent fewer broadcasters present. Event Operations The IOC and Intel have collaborated to create a Virtual Reality (VR) training system, to provide an immersive learning experience for key managers at competition venues. The VR platform improves training effectiveness by recreating a realistic experience and providing accurate individual feedback. This pilot initiative, tested for the first time in Tokyo, will help make operational training at future Games more efficient and cost-effective. The solution includes the creation of digital versions of competition venues, often referred to as “digital twinning”, which can open several opportunities to unleash the power of data for training, planning, simulating and more. To help improve the safety of staff and volunteers during the Games, Alibaba has developed a new cloud-based service that will calculate and assess the risk of heatstroke, suggesting mitigation measures for them via a mobile app. Volunteers across 14 venues will have access to a wearable device that monitors their body temperature and heart rate. This information is then combined with environmental data from sensors near the venues to alert volunteers if they are at risk of heat stroke. Panasonic and Atos have also been involved in an initiative to make the Games more secure, working with local partner NEC to incorporate facial recognition technology into venue access control. The system will be used to identify accredited athletes, volunteers, media and officials at each security checkpoint during the Games, and will also play a key role as part of Tokyo 2020’s COVID-19 countermeasures. With the Olympic Games becoming increasingly data-driven, the IOC has also worked with Intel to initiate an automated data collection project that will capture and analyse information related to the athletes and entourage members, use of venues and transport during Tokyo 2020. Cameras and other sensors in venues and onboard Games transport will collect information that will help increase the understanding of infrastructure use and improve the accuracy of Games-time operational data, while enhancing efficiency for future Games. The IOC is also using Alibaba’s Data Analytics infrastructure to aggregate all of Tokyo’s Games knowledge. With an enhanced platform, the IOC’s Olympic Knowledge Management team will be able to process thousands of documents in a more organised way to pass on to future Organising Committees, significantly optimising the transfer of knowledge from one Games edition to the next. Fan Engagement With spectators unable to attend the Games, technology is playing a vital role in ensuring that fans around the world can still experience the magic of Tokyo 2020 in new and exciting ways. This includes the AI-powered 3D Athlete Tracking (3DAT) technology, developed by Intel with Alibaba, which is providing a first-of-its-kind enhancement for broadcast coverage. Using AI and computer vision, 3DAT will enhance the viewing experience with near real-time insights and overlay visualisations during the athletics sprint events (100m, 200m, 400m and 4x100m relay, as well as decathlon/heptathlon). Viewers will be able to understand at what exact moment each sprinter reaches their peak speed and analyse the different phases of the race in detail through a full set of race statistics. In addition, Olympic Official Timekeeper OMEGA has launched ground-breaking motion-sensing and positioning systems for Tokyo 2020, which are set to give fans a totally new understanding of each athlete’s performance. Building on the company’s long legacy of Olympic timekeeping innovations, which stretches back to the Olympic Games Los Angeles 1932, OMEGA ’s latest technologies will collect a comprehensive range of real-time data during events – providing athletes, coaches and fans with greater insights than ever before. Viewers around the world will also be able to enjoy a truly immersive Games experience thanks to expanded VR coverage using Intel True VR. Following the first-ever live virtual reality Games broadcasts during PyeongChang 2018, OBS plans to produce approximately 110 hours of live VR coverage from Tokyo, allowing fans to deeply engage in the Opening and Closing Ceremonies and sports such as athletics, basketball, beach volleyball, boxing and gymnastics. Children within Japan will also be offered the chance to feel part of the Games thanks to Toyota’s mascot robots, providing yet another immersive Olympic experience. Sustainability The Worldwide Olympic Partners have also developed various initiatives in line with the Tokyo 2020 Organising Committee’s aim to deliver sustainable Olympic Games and showcase sustainability solutions to people in Japan and around the world. Uniforms for the Tokyo 2020 Torch Relay, for example, were produced from a material made from recycled plastic bottles collected by the Coca-Cola system in Japan, while the medallists will stand on podiums made from recycled plastic waste as part of an initiative by P&G. In addition, Dow has collaborated with local partner Toppan to produce recyclable plastic signs and banners, which will be repurposed after the Games and turned into flowerbeds and pots for use in host municipalities. These cutting-edge innovations and many more will help make Tokyo 2020 the most technologically advanced Games ever, and contribute to the transformation of the Olympic Games and the world beyond. View additional multimedia and more ESG storytelling from International Olympic Committee on 3blmedia.com

September 03, 2021 09:41 AM Eastern Daylight Time

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Making Transportation Systems Safer and More Sustainable With Connectivity

Qualcomm

By 2050, the Earth’s population is expected to increase from seven to 10 billion people, quadrupling economic activity and creating increased demand for energy and natural resources. This new economy is projected to use 80% more energy than today. Reducing energy waste and pollution will be essential for combatting the social, economic, and environmental impacts of climate change. Qualcomm Technologies believes digital technology is a critical lever for helping to address this global energy challenge. With ultra-high-speed connectivity, greater reliability, and lower latency, 5G provides a platform for innovation that brings tremendous opportunities to improve efficiencies and achieve tangible sustainability benefits. Continue reading View additional multimedia and more ESG storytelling from Qualcomm on 3blmedia.com

September 02, 2021 04:47 PM Eastern Daylight Time

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A Word from Mike Sievert on T-Mobile’s 2020 Corporate Responsibility Report

T-Mobile

For many reasons, 2020 was a year that won’t soon be forgotten. At T-Mobile, we persevered through extraordinary challenges, including a global pandemic, an economic crisis, and significant social and political unrest—all while beginning a massive integration process following the long-awaited completion of our merger with Sprint. Despite all of these challenges, we successfully stayed focused on serving and supporting our customers during a time when staying connected was more important to them than ever. We also stayed true to our commitment to not just be a bigger company after joining forces with Sprint… but to be a BETTER company that would use our combined network, scale, and resources FOR GOOD. I could not be prouder of how T-Mobile stepped up—doing the right thing the Un-carrier way, and making an impact that matters for our employees and for the customers and communities we serve. At the heart of this endeavor to use our scale for good is our pursuit to truly deliver 5G for All by building the world’s best 5G network, which will enable a more connected, digitally-equitable future as we lead the transition to this transformative technology while working hard to ensure that no one is left behind. Our marquee cause to leverage this asset is Project 10Million that focuses on helping connect every single student to the internet and eradicate the homework gap in the United States. Education is a great leveller in our society and we have committed to ensuring America’s children can get the access they need and the education and equal opportunity that they deserve. We first announced this unprecedented $10.7 billion project in late 2019, but as the education landscape rapidly shifted towards remote learning due to the pandemic, we accelerated our efforts and partnered with schools and school districts across the country to connect millions of students who lacked home internet. Post-pandemic, this work will continue until we achieve our goal to connect 10 million students with the internet access they need to learn and succeed. Over the last year, we focused heavily on our people and our culture. We guided teams through the significant shifts in our business and a pandemic-world, while witnessing protests for greater racial justice that took place across our country. We implemented measures to help employees manage the social, emotional, and economic stress of the pandemic while undertaking the important journey of uniting our company behind a new company vision, mission, and values. We also launched our five-year Equity In Action plan, which reflects our commitment to embed diversity, equity, and inclusion even more strongly in our company culture with ambitious programs to continue building diverse talent across our company to reflect communities we serve. Finally, our commitment to the planet is stronger than ever. The impact of climate change on our customers, our communities and our operations is growing every year. We will continue to follow through on our longstanding enterprise sustainability commitments, even as the size of our company footprint significantly grew with the Sprint merger. T-Mobile was the first major U.S. telecom to sign the RE100 commitment and we are on track to power our business and network with 100% renewable energy by the end of 2021. In recognition of our industry-leading efforts, we were named to the CDP’s A List for climate change—a leading standard of corporate environmental transparency. We are incredibly proud to currently be the only U.S. telecom company given this top listing. Moving forward, it’s important that T-Mobile continues to break down barriers and use our leadership position in the wireless industry as a force for good. As you’ll see in the pages that follow, what we’ve accomplished this past year has moved us one step closer to a more equitable and sustainable future for all. And we’re just getting started! Check out the full 2020 Corporate Responsibility Report View additional multimedia and more ESG storytelling from T-Mobile on 3blmedia.com

September 02, 2021 12:06 PM Eastern Daylight Time

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T-Mobile Accelerator Kicks Off Fall Program Fueling 5G Innovation in Wellness Tech

T-Mobile

BELLEVUE, Wash., September 1, 2021 /3BL Media/ - 5G is powering new innovations that help us live healthier lives. T-Mobile (NASDAQ: TMUS) has kicked off its Fall 2021 T-Mobile Accelerator Wellness Technology Program. For the next few months, the following handpicked startups will work directly with technologists and business leaders at T-Mobile to build the next big thing in 5G technologies that promote wellness and improve quality of life. These participants are building breakthrough innovations in personal health wearables and applications, from smart glasses for Deaf and Hard of Hearing individuals, to fitness devices and smart apparel that enhance athletic performance. Participants in the T-Mobile Accelerator Fall 2021 program include: formsense (San Diego, CA). Building the next generation of wearable technologies to keep people healthy, active and injury-free. With proprietary sensors, on-board artificial intelligence and ubiquitous connectivity to the cloud, formsense’s machine-washable smart apparel delivers the first-ever volumetric assessment of biomechanics form in real-time to elevate performance, prevent injuries and improve rehab outcomes for sport, health and fitness applications. formsense technology has been in use by over 25 partners including professional sports teams, university research centers, healthcare providers, and fitness and apparel brands worldwide. (https://www.formsense.com) OLIVER (Barcelona, Spain). Developer of a football-focused platform designed to prevent injury. The company’s platform tracks information about kick power, dribbling sprints, speed, acceleration, distance covered, calories burnt, fatigue index and total session, enabling football players to get clear statistics on their performance. ( https://tryoliver.com ) Shot Scope (Edinburgh, UK). A leading manufacturer of golf improvement technology provides wearable, global positioning, laser and shot tracking devices designed to aid decision making and improve golf performance. On average golfers of all abilities experience an improvement of 2.7 shots in fewer than 25 rounds of golf using Shot Scope. ( https://shotscope.com/us ) SignGlasses (Orem, Utah). An innovative solution for the communication barriers that Deaf and Hard of Hearing individuals face on a day-to-day basis. With SignGlasses they now have access to a live, highly qualified Sign Language interpreter relayed to a pair of smart glasses, all at a moment’s notice. ( https://www.signglasses.com ) Somatix (New York, NY). A cutting-edge wearable artificial intelligence-powered remote patient monitoring platform. Using patented gesture detection algorithms, Somatix’s technology can provide detailed and actionable insights, alerts, and analytics from wearables, including fluid intake and risk for dehydration, falling, medication intake, sleep analytics, smoking, activity trending, and activities of daily living. The cloud-based platform consists of Somatix’s own smartband (also works on commercial off-the-shelf smartbands and smartwatches), mobile apps (both Android and iOS devices) and a cloud-based dashboard for providers. ( https://somatix.com ) TRIPP (Los Angeles, CA). A research-backed digital wellness platform for personal transformation. Through immersive experiences that harness the power of XR technology and best-in-class content, TRIPP takes you on a journey to connect with yourself and explore new possibilities for healing, insight, relation, focus and wonder. ( https://www.tripp.com ) “Consumers are increasingly interested in new ways that technology can improve their well-being, whether it’s better performance on the sports field or deeper diagnostics to monitor a health concern,” said John Saw, EVP of Advanced & Emerging Technologies at T-Mobile. "With 5G we are beginning to see a vast array of new devices and services that give us better insight into our own health and can dramatically improve our quality of life.” Companies participating in T-Mobile Accelerator will work directly with technology and business leaders at T-Mobile as they build, test and bring to market new products and services that unleash the potential of T-Mobile 5G. The fall program runs through early November 2021 and will culminate in a Demo Day where participants showcase their accomplishments. T-Mobile Accelerator serves as a hub for driving ideas, innovation and action. Focused on collaborative experiences for growth, it delivers year-round programming and activities, including entrepreneurial and tech community engagements, expert speakers and mentorship sessions. Since its inception, the T-Mobile Accelerator has worked with 75 startup companies that have raised an aggregate of over $96 million with 80% of the alumni companies still in business today. T-Mobile 5G, A Platform for Innovation T-Mobile is America’s 5G leader with the largest, fastest and most reliable 5G network. T-Mobile’s Extended Range 5G covers 305 million people with nearly 2x more geographic coverage than AT&T and 4x more than Verizon. With Sprint now part of T-Mobile, the Un-carrier is widening its lead, lighting up Ultra Capacity 5G across the country, bringing fast 5G speeds to more places than anyone else. Amazing new 5G products and services are quickly being built, and they require a 5G network with capacity and broad reach, one that’s being built to support virtually all types of use cases and provide unprecedented reach. It’s called #5GForAll and only T-Mobile is building it. With its supercharged 5G network as the foundation, T-Mobile is fueling 5G innovation and building the 5G ecosystem with a number of initiatives. The Un-carrier collaborates with universities and standards bodies to support 5G research and development. It operates the award-winning T-Mobile Accelerator and collaborates with Georgia Tech and Curiosity Lab at Peachtree Corners. In addition, it operates the T-Mobile Ventures investment fund and it is a co-founder of the 5G Open Innovation Lab. Follow T-Mobile’s Official Twitter Newsroom @TMobileNews to stay up to date with the latest company news. # # # Most Reliable: According to an audit report conducted by independent third party umlaut containing crowdsourced data for user experience collected from January to July 2021. Full details at: About T-Mobile T-Mobile U.S. Inc. (NASDAQ: TMUS) is America’s supercharged Un-carrier, delivering an advanced 4G LTE and transformative nationwide 5G network that will offer reliable connectivity for all. T-Mobile’s customers benefit from its unmatched combination of value and quality, unwavering obsession with offering them the best possible service experience and undisputable drive for disruption that creates competition and innovation in wireless and beyond. Based in Bellevue, Wash., T-Mobile provides services through its subsidiaries and operates its flagship brands, T-Mobile, Metro by T-Mobile and Sprint. For more information please visit: http://www.t-mobile.com. View additional multimedia and more ESG storytelling from T-Mobile on 3blmedia.com

September 01, 2021 09:04 AM Eastern Daylight Time

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How 5G Is Creating New Experiences, Transforming Industries and Enriching Lives

Qualcomm

5G is designed to connect virtually everyone and everything including machines, objects and devices, shaping how people and industries communicate. ‍ “5G is not just phones… it’s also smart factories, connected cars, connected hospitals, retail — it’s much larger,” says Kirti Gupta, vice president of Economic Strategy at Qualcomm Incorporated. Why it’s important: These improvements will advance the entire mobile ecosystem, open the door to transforming industries and improve experiences for end-users who crave the fastest and best connectivity. Qualcomm’s 5G breakthroughs are helping to provide better, faster connectivity to some of the most vital industries:‍ 1‍. The education transformation The pandemic proved just how crucial connectivity is for students to continue their education and it accelerated the urgency to close the digital divide in education. 5G’s increased data capacity, state-of-the-art devices and faster speeds can make a dramatic difference in digitally equipped classrooms and remote learning settings.‍ ‍ For example, the power of 5G combined with built-in cellular connectivity, such as Always On, Always Connected PCs, can not only bring robust and ubiquitous connectivity to students who have limited internet access but can also break boundaries within the classroom by enabling interactive experiences such as AR- and AI-based learning. In addition, 5G can address some of the “last mile” challenges via Fixed Wireless Access (FWA). ‍ ‍FWA enables extremely high-speed broadband in rural and urban areas where fiber connections can be too cost-prohibitive to establish.‍ What this means: Whether a student is in a remote area or a densely packed community, 5G can support equal access to digital resources.‍ 2. The health care revolution Connectivity is vital for health care. The idea: Superior, security-rich 5G connectivity can unlock new solutions and capabilities to facilitate the next leap forward in better patient care, data management and experiences. 5G’s ubiquity can help connect patients with doctors from a distance — greatly benefiting patients who may not have easy access to a hospital or clinic. COVID showed that patients and doctors need to be able to connect with one another instead of, or in addition to, meeting in person. The technology’s increased bandwidth and low latency allow for higher resolution videos and images, improving the quality of telemedicine. The ability to transfer data as quickly as possible can have huge benefits like allowing ambulances to swiftly transfer an emergency patient’s data to a doctor. 5G can also provide better in-hospital experiences, not only creating a completely connected hospital, but enabling health care professionals to connect with patients in and out of the hospital and to connect with numerous medical devices.‍ ‍ What this means: Instead of having disaggregated systems, 5G can provide a unified technology platform for connecting everything from sensors and location trackers to laptops and workstations.‍ Through a private 5G network, hospitals can ensure that patient, user or staff data gets stored on-site — helping increase the privacy and security of that data. 3. The impact on manufacturing 5G connectivity is paving the way for smart factories that are more adaptable and efficient — enabling them to get products to consumers faster than ever before. What this means: Wireless technology can meet the specific needs of a factory, making it much more flexible by connecting everything through wireless, reliable, private networks.‍ ‍5G’s high reliability and ultra-low latency allow factories to go wireless so that they can more easily reconfigure the floor to produce something in the morning and then something different in the afternoon. ‍ Going wireless with 5G can result in “no downtime in rewiring or manufacturing, much higher productivity for manufacturers and more safety for workers,” says Gupta. The takeaway: Qualcomm’s 5G breakthroughs bring the benefits of faster connectivity to those who need it most, improving a range of industries and helping make essential services, like health care and education, more accessible. View additional multimedia and more ESG storytelling from Qualcomm on 3blmedia.com

August 27, 2021 10:01 AM Eastern Daylight Time

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How Dr. Lola Awoniyi-Oteri Optimizes 5G Through Power Savings and Mobility Management Inventions

Qualcomm

5G’s ability to connect millions of cellular-enabled devices for countless applications doesn’t just pop into existence overnight. Transmitting data through high radio frequency bands requires precise calculations about energy and positioning, especially across long distances and with large amounts of information. Modern mobile devices are smaller and more powerful than ever and conserving energy and managing connections requires new advancements and ingenuity in wireless technology. Dr. Lola Awoniyi-Oteri, a Principal Systems Engineer in Research and Development at Qualcomm Technologies, knows all about these breakthroughs of power savings and mobility management for 5G – she invented many of them. Growing up in Nigeria, Lola developed a love for technology that she carried with her to the U.S. She received a B.S. degree in Electrical Engineering through a joint program with Clark Atlanta University and Georgia Tech. After that, she received an M.S. and Ph.D. in the same field from Stanford University before joining Qualcomm in 2008. Optimizing power savings for 3G devices was one of her first assignments when she arrived at Qualcomm. Now, Lola focuses on standardization, research, and development of 5G millimeter wave devices, particularly in those same areas of mobility management and power efficiency. Her total list of patents and inventions spans a wide range of areas, including Wide Area Network technologies involving cellular and satellite networks, as well as Local Area Network technologies like Bluetooth and Wi-Fi. Lola’s inventions help reduce power consumption while enhancing network mobility and the mobile user experience for 3G, 4G, and 5G connectivity. In total, she is responsible for 300+ worldwide patents and applications in the wireless communications field. To learn more about her inventions, why she became an inventor, and how she believes others can succeed, we sat down with Lola for a conversation. Did you always know you wanted to be an inventor? Actually, I always wanted to be an inventor because of a book I read growing up. The book is called Men of Purpose by Peter Masters. It talked about scientists and inventors like Michael Faraday – who came up with equations that perfectly describe electricity – along with Lord Kelvin (whom the temperature scale is named after) and James Maxwell, the father of the field of electromagnetism. My dad was an electrical engineer and that's how I got my interest in engineering. I saw him deploy fixed landlines and wireless communications systems in Nigeria and witnessed how that changed communities and states — even the country. When I came across this book, I saw how Faraday fundamentally changed the whole concept of electricity with his discoveries and inventions. Seeing the impact engineering and inventions can have on humanity inspired me to learn more about technology and how to leverage it in making a difference. So you’d say the book, Men of Purpose, had a major influence on your life? I would say my dad first and then the book. My dad was a telecommunications engineer, and he exposed my sisters and I to the technologies he worked on. For example, in Nigeria, each state had their own Independence Day celebration because there wasn't any system for a nationwide broadcast. When I was six, my dad was the lead engineer in charge of a project that set up the first satellite system for a nationwide broadcast and I was glad I got a front row sit to observe the progress of the project. On the day it launched, people across the nation watched the Independence Day celebration from the capital city at once thanks to my dad. I knew then that if you truly understand technology, you can make a real difference. I remember it like it was yesterday. That experience triggered my interest in the sciences and engineering, and as a result, in high school my favorite subject was physics. Naturally, I studied engineering in college because it allowed me to apply many of the principles of physics I learned growing up and gave me the opportunity to put things together and extend knowledge. How would you explain to someone how your patents and inventions help them enjoy 5G connectivity? Some of my inventions allow the end user to enjoy the high speeds promised by 5G without sacrificing the battery life. In general, 5G devices use the sub 6GHz or millimeter wave frequencies for communication. The millimeter wave band provides larger bandwidth for communication which means higher data rates and more users can be supported on the network; however, with this larger bandwidth, one starts to think of how much power consumption is required. In other words, we want to take advantage of the larger bandwidth but, at the same time, we want to deliver devices that are not draining power too quickly. This is where power savings comes into play. Given this challenge, the question really is, “how do we harness the 5G millimeter wave benefits while enabling efficient power consumption on 5G devices?” With this problem statement, and the knowledge of how the device communicates with the network, as well as existing power savings techniques, we can develop different approaches to enable efficient power consumption on 5G devices. As an example, a power saving approach could be ensuring that the device is not monitoring control channels all the time, specifically, allowing the device to only monitor control channels frequently enough that when the network needs to ping the device, it still can do so without draining too much power. Other approaches include using only the required resources for communication. For example, while receiving data from the network, one antenna may be sufficient for the communication instead of activating multiple antennas on the device which would lead to significant battery drain. By investigating and evaluating some of these approaches, we can develop interesting and innovative power saving ideas one step at a time. What’s the process for inventing pivotal technologies involving 5G mmWave mobility and power efficiency? Going from an idea to a device in one’s pocket takes a while. The process typically starts with engineers thinking of the significant problems in 5G mmWave that need to be solved. A good example is the one I mentioned earlier on power savings. In that case, we know we want to leverage the larger bandwidth available in the millimeter wave band to achieve higher data rates and capacity for emerging wireless applications, however, how much power is this going to drain and how can we mitigate the cost? The next step is to narrow the scope of the problem until the problem statement is clearly defined. The journey from identifying a significant problem to defining the problem statement could take years. Once the problem is clearly defined, we can then start investigating solutions and keep refining them until one or more viable solutions have been identified and demonstrated to address the problem. Then we start proposing the selected solution(s) to the appropriate Standards Developing Organizations (SDOs) and begin working with other companies to get a consensus for which solution(s) will be adopted. Driving consensus within the SDOs to define specifications for wireless features takes another couple of years, if not more. The product team then takes the specifications and builds products and services around them. As you can see, ideas can take several years to evolve from ideas into a device to be enjoyed by the end user. In the mobile industry, going from one generation of a device to another can roughly be calculated as a 10-year window. For example, once 4G was standardized and we started working on ideas for 5G, it was around 10 years before 5G was a reality. It is also important to realize that a given generation typically has multiple releases which incorporate new features. For example, once the first release of 5G (Release 15) was standardized, further modifications or additions to the features in the specifications are ratified in subsequent releases. The 5G Release 16 was available a few years after Release 15, we are currently working on Release 17 and planning the scope for Release 18 features. How does the culture of Qualcomm support your ability to invent and create new technologies? Qualcomm equips employees to invent and develop innovative ideas. For example, there are many wireless communication classes at Qualcomm anyone can take. If you are new to 5G or looking to dive into more details about specific areas of 5G, Qualcomm has courses on a wide range of 5G subjects. For an individual who is new to invention, or just trying to understand the space, Qualcomm provides a lot of these resources to get you up to speed. Another thing I love about Qualcomm is how knowledgeable people are. When I was in grad school, there were concepts where I would have to read a textbook for months trying to understand them. At Qualcomm, there are literally experts down the hallway from you whose offices you can walk into and talk to them for 20 minutes, and you immediately understand the crux of the problem or the concept. Having access to experts like this really makes your life easy as an inventor, because like I said earlier, knowing what exists is a good starting point for developing new innovative ideas. Qualcomm has created this ecosystem that attracts experts. You have experts in the field with in-depth knowledge to equip you with whatever you want to know about 5G. You have people who understand the specifications back to front and front to back. The collaborative environment at Qualcomm is amazing, too. Any of the ideas I work on, I'm working on with teams. We're brainstorming and putting new ideas together, and it is one of the most fun parts of my job. We're all trying to create new products and services, and I really enjoy being surrounded with people who are experts in their field and are also driven to make a difference. What is some advice you would give to young inventors? I remember reading through Men of Purpose and finding all these people that had many inventions, and I thought, "Oh, this is impossible!" Now, having gone through the process a number of times, I realize that what really matters is having an interest in any specific field, spending enough time to understand the existing body of knowledge and identifying significant problems in the space. Those are the ingredients you need to begin inventing and coming up with innovative ideas. Once you come up with ideas, then you investigate ways to evaluate them. To do this, we have simulations and prototyping platforms, where you can experiment with some of these ideas, asking the questions, "Does it work? Is it effective? " If not, then you go back to the drawing board and refine your ideas until you come up with unique and solid ones. It's definitely a long process. It's iterative. It's not a straight shot, and the first idea you come up with doesn’t always win. But the idea is to stick to it. I sincerely believe in my heart that anybody can invent in any specific field as long as one is willing to dedicate oneself and have the interest in spending time to understand what exists, what the problems are, and how to start proposing new ideas and to find ones that are viable. View additional multimedia and more ESG storytelling from Qualcomm on 3blmedia.com

August 26, 2021 10:02 AM Eastern Daylight Time

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Educators Engage Students With Immersive Learning Tools

Verizon

By: Ayana Byrd After completing a school year like no other, educators now have a chance to reflect on the steep learning curve they faced — and overcame — when education went remote. As they prepare for the 2021–2022 academic year, teachers will have a remarkable new resource at their disposal: Verizon Innovative Learning HQ, an online education portal that offers lesson plans, credentialed professional development and next-gen learning for all, to help ensure no student is left behind. It’s part of Citizen Verizon, the company’s responsible business plan for economic, environmental and social advancement. The initiative supports Verizon’s digital inclusion goal to help provide digital skills training to 10 million youth by 2030. The free site provides educators, students and parents with engaging education materials, including innovative learning apps such as UNSUNG, Mapper’s Delight, 5G Covet and Visceral Science, the Career Day app, and credentialed professional development offerings focused on technology integration into the classroom through Teacher Training Pathways. The portal ensures accessibility through educational content that is compatible with a wide variety of devices. In the video above and the text below, early adopters of the Verizon Innovative Learning HQ portal’s resources share how they energized their curricula and their students’ interest in STEM education. Using future-forward tech to witness history Long before Christopher Green became a United States history teacher at Jeremiah Rhodes Middle School in San Antonio, Texas, he was a boy growing up in the city and struggling to see his experience reflected in textbooks. So when he became a teacher, he knew what needed to change. And thanks to UNSUNG, he has the ability to make it happen. Created by Movers and Shakers NYC, augmented reality app UNSUNG offers an interactive experience where students move through 3D puzzles and meet and learn about iconic Black women from the Harlem Renaissance. Correct answers unlock different rooms that students can “enter” and explore even more about the person’s life. Green used UNSUNG in all six of his history classes during hybrid learning. “It's important for my Black and Brown students to see themselves in the curriculum. UNSUNG puts them into that experience in a way that makes it more tangible,” he says. “One of the important things about using tech in the classroom is figuring out ways students can be creators and tell stories about themselves and their ancestors.” Herman Fayad, Verizon Innovative Learning coach at Rhodes, is excited to see how technology like that used in UNSUNG will continue to push his school’s instruction forward. “Last year was productive because we got to learn what technology has to offer,” he says. “Now we can run into the 2021–2022 school year and continue to refine and get better. Taking hands-on learning home Switching to remote learning was a challenge for most educators, but Anita Venter faced an additional obstacle. The seventh- and eighth-grade STEAM teacher at Ralston Intermediate School in Garden Grove, California, typically has her class work on hands-on automation, robotics, design and modeling projects that require supplies that cannot be replaced by a computer screen. But Venter didn’t panic — she turned to what had worked well pre-pandemic, Verizon Innovative Learning HQ STEM activities created via a partnership between Verizon and nonprofit Project Lead The Way (PLTW), which provide teachers nationwide with free interactive K-12 STEM activities. She knew, and trusted, the quality, and discovered that additional content had been added to support remote learning. “It was a very easy transition. They did a very good job of updating the software with videos and distance learning tips,” she says. For the 2020–2021 school year, Venter tapped the 3D printing and wearables curricula, sending students supplies for designing bubble wands, name tags and a Valentine’s Day-themed project that involved fashioning wearable hearts out of felt, conductive thread and lights. For the printables, she loaded student designs into the 3D printers in her classroom while her students were remote, and mailed their completed projects home. “Project-based and hands-on learning make education come to life,” Venter says. The sweet sound of success Many of Rebecca Yaple’s students at Bayside Middle School in Virginia Beach, Virginia, want to be rappers when they grow up. So when Yaple, who is the Verizon Innovative Learning Lab mentor and teaches seventh- and eighth-grade math, needed a way to reward some of her hardest working students, she turned to the Art Beats & Tech app. Created by GRX Immersive Lab, it helps students collaborate via virtual reality to produce music and spoken word. “It’s given them hope, fun and discovery along the way,” says Yaple. Yaple is excited to reintroduce the technology this school year. The band teacher is even looking to start a music club. “It will be a chance to say, ‘Here’s an hour after school where your only assignment is to build. Just go in there and collaborate,’” Yaple says. And while she uses the app with students with a demonstrated interest in music, she believes it’s a rich learning resource for all, imparting lessons on physics, math and entrepreneurship. “It’s a great tool for someone who knows nothing — that’s where I started!” Out of this world learning Most educators want their students to take what they learn in class and use it to conquer the world. But Jose Gonzalez, Verizon Innovative Learning coach at Davis Middle School in Compton, California, wants his students to leave this world. “My dream is that there’s going to be a Mars colony, and it’s going to have faces that look like my kids because they’ve been exposed to these STEM opportunities,” he says. Should life take them to another planet, they will be well prepared thanks to the Visceral Science app that Gonzalez integrated into his hybrid learning lessons. The app, created in partnership with World Science Festival and Columbia University, uses virtual reality to help students explore stars, planets, black holes and entire galaxies. Gonzalez and his students used the app to consider what life could be like for earthlings living on Mars. “Kids recreated the surface of Mars based on NASA topography maps. Then some built rovers to explore the surface; a few planted tomatoes after comparing Earth and Mars’ soils; two built biodomes,” he lists. “In another class looking at equity and social issues, students talked about what a truly representative government would look like on Mars. They even created currency made out of recycled plastic.” Gonzalez says Visceral Science is the polar opposite of the way he learned about science, using decades-old textbooks that were missing significant advancements. “Discoveries are added as soon as they happen. So the kids are learning about now, not something from 10 years ago,” he says. “This is experiencing science, not just reading about it, but actually living through it. This is what the future’s going to look like.” These tools and more are available to all nationwide through the Verizon Innovative Learning HQ portal. View additional multimedia and more ESG storytelling from Verizon on 3blmedia.com

August 25, 2021 11:06 AM Eastern Daylight Time

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News Release

Verizon Scales EdTech Resources to Over 3M Teachers in Effort to Leave No Student Behind

Verizon

BASKING RIDGE, N.J., August 23, 2021 /3BL Media/ - As school districts across the country rebound from one of the most challenging years in history and prepare to re-open for in-person learning, many educators are looking for resources that will help students succeed following 18 months of disrupted schooling. Integrating technology, which became more prevalent than ever during the pandemic, into classrooms is crucial this back to school season. With studies showing that low income students are as many as seven months behind in their education due to the pandemic 1, Verizon is doubling down on its commitment to help ensure no student is left behind, providing education technology resources in support of digital inclusion with a number of initiatives to integrate immersive STEM technology into classrooms and communities. These efforts are part of the company’s investment to help vulnerable communities, which is expected to exceed $3 billion between 2020 to 2025. "Digital inclusion was an important objective before the pandemic, and an area we’ve been investing in for years, but we’ve all learned now just how important it really is to achieve,” said Rose Stuckey Kirk, Chief Corporate Social Responsibility Officer, Verizon. "We're continuing to provide tech-fueled strategies to empower educators to help build the next generation of innovators who will continue to move our world forward." Verizon Innovative Learning HQ, Next-Gen Learning for All Verizon is launching a new education portal, Verizon Innovative Learning HQ, that will, for the first time, scale the resources of Verizon Innovative Learning - the company’s education initiative addressing barriers to digital inclusion - and its proven approach to integrating technology into the classroom. Launching August 23, Verizon Innovative Learning HQ will provide next-gen learning for students, covering a range of subjects from history to biology, through access to the latest augmented reality (AR) and virtual reality (VR) education tools. The education portal will help teachers take advantage of immersive technology and recognize the benefits of tapping into next-generation tech in their lesson plans. The free education portal includes content, curated by Columbia University, New York University, Arizona State University, and other academic institutions, that provides immersive AR and VR experiences paired with lesson plans. A key part of the portal will include professional development courses aligned to research-backed micro-credentials from non-profit partner Digital Promise, to help empower educators with personalized learning pathways that directly address their digital learning needs. Verizon Innovative Learning HQ is making next-gen tech available to everyone, including all K-12 teachers nationwide. Advancing education technology in under-resourced classrooms With the need for in-classroom tech resources greater than ever, Verizon is continuing to expand the Verizon Innovative Learning Schools program, which equips students and teachers at select Title I schools across the country with technology, access, innovative learning programs and professional development. The program, through Digital Promise, will welcome 246 new schools from 50 districts across the country this fall, nearly doubling the program’s reach to 511 schools nationwide and providing nearly 183,000 new students with technology resources. Combining hands-on learning with cutting-edge technology Verizon is continuing to bring the power of 5G technology to under-resourced schools, unveiling a new 5G Verizon Innovative Learning Lab in Miami at the Sports Leadership and Management (SLAM) Academy. Powering the high-tech learning environment through the high bandwidth and low latency enabled by 5G, the lab will enable more robust, immersive learning experiences via technologies like artificial intelligence, 3D printing, AR and VR. Verizon plans to bring 5G technology to over 100 Verizon Innovative Learning Labs within Title I schools across the country in the coming years. To help democratize access to next-gen education technology resources, Verizon is launching 40 new Verizon Innovative Learning Labs to Title I schools across the country. In collaboration with the national non-profit Heart of America and the Edson Entrepreneurship + Innovation Institute at Arizona State University, the Verizon Innovative Learning Lab program provides students with access to robust, hands-on curriculum and learning tools such as VR equipment, 3D printing stations, augmented reality apps and more in a custom-designed, state-of-the-art experiential learning environment. Fostering STEM skill development for jobs of the future Verizon’s continued efforts to foster digital inclusion includes the launch of a new initiative: Verizon Community Forward. This new program will serve to reinvigorate community spaces, providing under-resourced populations with the skills they need to be prepared for the digital workforce and 5G economy. Through advanced technology and educational resources, the program will provide K-12 students with STEM education, adults with digital literacy training, and both high school students and adults with workforce development and entrepreneurship learning opportunities. Each innovation center space will be a reconstructed room housed within an existing community space, such as a library, recreation center, or community college and will offer exploratory digital learning opportunities for STEM related career pathways with a focus on job skills. The Verizon Community Forward initiative will launch in September with 10 community centers across Portland, Pittsburgh, Houston, and Cleveland opening through 2022. Citizen Verizon in action These efforts are all part of Citizen Verizon, the company’s responsible business plan for economic, environmental and social advancement. Citizen Verizon empowers Verizon to deliver on its mission to move the world forward through action by expanding digital access and resources, protecting the climate, and ensuring people have the skills needed for jobs of the future. Through Citizen Verizon, the company is committed to providing 10 million youths with digital skills training by 2030, preparing 500,000 individuals for jobs of the future by 2030, supporting 1 million small businesses with resources to help them thrive in the digital economy by 2030, and achieving net zero operational emissions by 2035. To learn more about Verizon's digital inclusion efforts, visit CitizenVerizon.com View additional multimedia and more ESG storytelling from Verizon on 3blmedia.com

August 23, 2021 10:56 AM Eastern Daylight Time

Can We Reboot Office Buildings As Data Centers?

WSP

It is now almost universally accepted that we are not all going back to the office, at least not full time. So what does that mean for the proportion of commercial real estate that will be surplus to requirements? As the post-Covid world begins to take shape, property owners must find an alternative use for potentially many millions of square feet of once-prime space. Simply knocking it down and building something else is the typical solution for property that has become obsolete, though the waste of materials and the embodied carbon this represents is becoming much less acceptable. If only there was some wealthy, space-hungry group of building users, keenly aware of the need to manage their carbon footprint, just waiting to occupy all that empty property … It’s not as far-fetched as it sounds. To say the data centre sector is growing is a colossal understatement. Some US$100bn has been poured into the asset class over the past decade, and the signs are that it has barely got started. The amount of data the world generates and uses is increasing at a vertiginous rate, with some 90% of all the data that has ever existed being created over the past two years. The global datasphere, Seagate predicts, will grow from 45 zettabytes in 2019 to 175 zettabytes by 2025 — and even this might be a conservative estimate because the pandemic has had such a dramatic impact on internet traffic. Pre-Covid, it had been forecast to grow by an already substantial 28% in 2020. In the event, everything from Zoom conferencing to home schooling boosted world traffic by an astonishing 47%, with a commensurate spike in data usage. You don’t need to know what a zettabyte is* to see that this is a growth market. But like every young and expanding sector, it has issues. For a start, data centers — essentially large warehouses that house little other than racks of processors — use mind-boggling amounts of power. Individual buildings routinely require 30-60MW, and the campuses of the giant “Hyperscalers” can use 250 or even 500MW of electricity, or the same as a small town. Already the world’s data centers together consume about the same amount of power, according to some estimates, as the whole of Spain. The carbon footprint of data is rapidly becoming a more high-profile issue. Data centers also take up vast amounts of land, one factor that has traditionally pushed them to less expensive out-of-town locations. The world’s largest campus, The Citadel, under construction in Nevada, covers an area of 7.2 million sq ft, or nearly 100 soccer pitches. It also includes, at 1.3 million sq ft, the world’s largest individual data center building. To locate these extraordinary facilities in empty office blocks would seem to be synergistic — providing more than simply high-rent tenants for the owners. “Most of the embodied carbon from the construction of a data center is in the foundation, structure and envelope,” points out Ben Stanley, data center sustainability consultant at WSP in Colorado. “Reusing existing buildings would save most of that, with benefits for the carbon footprint of the operator.” "Most of the embodied carbon from the construction of a data center is in the foundation, structure and envelope" - Ben Stanley, Data Centre Sustainability Consultant, WSP in Colorado There is an even more compelling reason for city center conversions and it’s called “the edge”. This is the drive to decentralize data storage and bring it closer to users, to support growing applications like the Internet of Things. Tech analyst Gartner has predicted that as much as 75% of all data could be stored at the network edge, compared to 10% today. Edge data centers are smaller, often specialized for one client or sector, and located nearer to population centers. This is because speed rather than scale is of primary importance, explains Kevin Imboden, senior research manager for Cushman & Wakefield’s global data center advisory group, based in California’s Silicon Valley. “Edge-style data centers offer a particular advantage over out-of-town hyperscale facilities because there are many applications where latency — the time lag between asking for information and receiving it back — is vital.” This is why high-performance data centers are located close to the centers of financial hubs such as London and Frankfurt, allowing automated trading systems to take advantage of tiny market fluctuations. But Imboden sees other potential applications: “If driverless cars ever become a thing, they too would need very low latency — and that means physical proximity.” Conversion opportunities could also arise from recent changes in the character of the data center market. “Cloud services, which are generally located in large, out-of-town data centers, can be expensive,” says Imboden. “This is encouraging users to adopt a hybrid approach.” So, in addition to out-of-town space, they might also have some of their own private racks in a shared or “co-location” data center, or some actually in their office building. “If they require low latency, they might use a small, specialist, in-town data center facility. They can optimize that mix to suit their business. Smaller deployments will begin making further sense as the edge develops.” "Cloud services, which are generally located in large, out-of-town data centers, can be expensive. This is encouraging users to adopt a hybrid approach" - Kevin Imboden, Senior Research Manager, Cushman & Wakefield So how easy is it to convert an office building into a data center? Given that the demands from both a structural and servicing point of view are very different, it’s definitely not just a case of swapping out desks for server racks. Due to the need for a guaranteed UPS (uninterrupted power supply), data centers require massive battery capacity that can take over in a microsecond should the grid supply fail. This is typically installed on the ground floor. “Even though they only need to supply power for a few minutes — the time it could take before emergency generators are fired up — that’s still a lot of power and a lot of heavy batteries,” says Rich Donaldson, principal engineer with WSP firm, kW Mission Critical Engineering in Atlanta, Georgia. The generators are also substantial and heavy, he adds. “Even the racks create much more loading than you would need for an office. So, it’s structurally easier for them also to be ground floor. Data centers are usually single storey to lower the construction cost, although they can be multistorey when site acreage is constrained.” The weight of equipment is not the only difference: there’s also floor-to-ceiling height. Floor heights in a data center are around 1.5 times those of office buildings, so it would require two office floors to provide one for a data center. “Data centers generally require 14ft with another 4 or 5ft clear above to take all of the cooling and extra services infrastructure they need,” says Donaldson. The existing power supply will need to be significantly increased, and the utility company might not be able to route more power or have space to install a substation. Finally, there’s the back-up infrastructure: storing and distributing fuel oil is more difficult in city center locations, for example. Despite the technical challenges, there are a growing number of successful conversions. “There’s one in an old print works in London which, given the connection with information distribution, seems quite symbolic,” Imboden says. This worked because there was already an industrial power supply to run the presses, there was a large floor-to-ceiling clearance, and the structure was strong because the print machinery was heavy. Similarly, he points to a recent shopping mall conversion, which had sufficient ceiling heights for extra data center services. As for converting office blocks, he says there is potential: “I see maybe a small facility next to a 5G phone antenna, or at the top of a building to connect the users below.” "The generators are also substantial and heavy. Even the racks create much more loading than you would need for an office. So, it’s structurally easier for them also to be ground floor" - Rich Donaldson, Principal Engineer, WSP firm, kW Mission Critical Engineering, USA In fact, converted data centers are already a well-established feature of the Hong Kong market. Being small and densely populated, Hong Kong has no cheap, out-of-town land. But then for the same reason it also has no latency problem – a boon to the city’s considerable financial services sector. Here data centers are located not in converted office blocks, but in converted warehouses. “In Hong Kong, because of the space constraints, we have warehouses — or “godowns” — which are multistorey,” explains Eric Sin, an executive director at WSP and specialist in data center design. “As heavy industry here has declined, these buildings have become available, and we actually have government incentives to convert them to data centers.” Although they are multistorey, such conversions make sense as the godowns have heavy concrete structures and usually plenty of floor-to-ceiling height. In addition, they are cheaper than more central office blocks, and located away from residential areas, “so the noise and smell of back-up diesel generators is less of a problem”. WSP is currently converting four floors of a former godown to provide a client with a 6MW data center. “Every conversion has its own challenges,” says Sin’s colleague Lydia Lun, an architect and project manager for the China region. “This project will need two additional 11kV feeders to be provided by the power company, meeting building louvre and flat roof area requirements for generator exhaust, and there’s limited vertically aligned space for risers. So very efficient planning is required.” "In Hong Kong, because of the space constraints, we have warehouses. They are cheaper than more central office blocks, and located away from residential areas" - Eric Sin, Executive Director, WSP, Hong Kong For the future, continuing improvements in the design of computer hardware should improve the feasibility of converting more constrained buildings: “The processor racks themselves are already less demanding than they use to be,” says Imboden. “For example, they used to be kept at 60°F because that was optimum for the processors. They can now operate at more like 75°F. Less cooling equals more efficiency. Ten years ago, data centers' power usage efficiency was something like 1.7 — the ‘point seven’ being the power used for cooling and other non-processing activity. Now, with warmer environments and more efficient, evaporative, cooling, it’s more like 1.2, or even less.” Further innovations, such as the liquid cooling of waterproof racks, are beginning to make an impact and could further reduce the need for bulky air-conditioning plant. As in other sectors, as operational carbon emissions come down, the embodied carbon of buildings will account for a greater proportion of the total, and this too will drive interest in reusing existing structures rather than meeting demand with new construction alone. Moving data center capacity into towns also opens up possibilities regarding the vast amounts of waste heat that these facilities generate, particularly in colder climates. For Amazon’s headquarters in downtown Seattle, completed in 2018, WSP’s building services design included piping waste heat from an adjacent data center into a district heating plant for the whole development, which helped it to exceed stringent local energy requirements by 20%. Similarly a 98,000sq ft, 4MW high-performance computer facility designed by kW MCE for a downtown location, uses waste heat recovery to provide warm water to a neighboring high-rise building. This could also be a solution for residential buildings: a planned scheme in Amsterdam will use warm water from a data center cooling system to heat local housing. "There are challenges, but they can be overcome – and in doing so, we open up huge opportunities for data center companies to obtain space in locations that were not previously possible" - Austin Wikner, Director, WSP, UK The successful conversion of any building to data center use will come down to an insightful identification of opportunities, coupled with meticulous design. Fundamentally, this is an essential way of expanding the pool of developable land in mature markets, says WSP director Austin Wikner. His London building services team is already working on one feasibility study and he thinks there will be many more such projects. “There are challenges, but they can be overcome – and in doing so, we open up huge opportunities for data center companies to obtain space in locations that were not previously possible,” he says. “It’s similar to the way that major developers are now building over railways and electricity substations. Many of the easy sites are gone, so we need to work a bit harder to find the next set of opportunities.” * 1,000,000,000,000,000,000,000 bytes Words by Tony Whitehead View additional multimedia and more ESG storytelling from WSP on 3blmedia.com

August 17, 2021 01:21 PM Eastern Daylight Time

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